Retort-furnace construction.



H. A. CARPENTER.

RE TORT FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED APR-7.1914,

' Patented Aug. 17,1915.

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H. 3 WWW 1 Z I 1 1 I I 1 I I I i H. A. CAR' PENTER. RETORT FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION F|LD .APR. 1, 1914- 1,150,809. Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

2 SHEET$SHEET 2.

' To all whom it may concern:

ED STATES, PATN orrion,

HENRY A. CARPENTER, OF SEWIGKLEY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO RITER-CCNLEY MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSKfLVANIA, A CORPORLATION- OF NEW JERSEY. 1

Be it'known that I, HENRY A. CARPENTER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at.

Sewickley, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Retort-Furnace Construction, of which the following'is a specification.

The present invention relates to new and improved retort furnaces, and more particu-' larly to a type of retort furnace shown in two pending applications for, patents filed by me July 3,1913, Serial #777,215 and Serial #777,216.

Inthe accompanying drawings, which illustrate an embodiment of my invention as applied to gas retort furnaces or benches,

Figure l is a part elevational and a part vertical sectional view of a portion of a stack or battery of. gas retort benches constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is'a vertical sectional view of a portion of the stack or battery of gas retort benches shown in Fig. 1 takenon a line extending through one of the flues; and Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view in perspective of a portion of a retort illustrating forms of blocks and the manner of assembling them to form retorts and cross "walls,

In most modern retort furnaces of tlllS' class, it is customary to build a number of benches arranged side by side, the whole number constituting a stack of benches. In connection with each bench of the stack, means are provided for generating producer gas, and introducing this producer gas together with secondary air, to a combustion chamber of the bench from which products of combustion are passed around the retorts therein.-

In the drawings I have shown a completebench 1 and portions only oftwo adjacent benches 2and 3 of"similar"construct1on. As

all of the benches are of substantially the same constructioml have deemed it unnecesvsary to show'more than one bench, and the following description will be limited to a single bench'of the stack.

- As illustrated, he bench is supported u-pon' walls 4: and intermediate blocks or settings 5, the latter forming an arch structure being'located intermediateof the lower por- ,tion of the bench proper and the recuperators, not shown, but which in practice are located between the walls Specification of Letters Patent.

RETORT-TURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

Application filed April 7, 1914. Serial No. 830,162.

blocks or settings 7 and 8 of appropriate shapes and sizes; and, as preferred, these blocks are respectively provided with flanges.

9 and 10 of'such a character that when fitted together, they will form two rows of superposed retorts Hand 12.

13 designates divisional walls dividing the stacks of benches into separate benches.

In the operation of benches of this character as heretofore constructed, some trouble has been encountered due to the influence of heat on the refractory blocks or settings of v which the several benches are constructed, and one of the main objects of the present invention is to provide means for effectively taking care of'the expansion and contraction of the refractory materials entering into the construction, and particularly the "horizonfrom the blocks orsettings entering into the formation of the adjacent row of superposed retorts and the flues surrounding said retorts, thereby providing spaces 14: between the adjacent edges of the blocks entering into the formation of the two adjacent rows of retorts and their flues.

. The spaces extending along the top of the bench are covered by means of blocks 15,

said blocks 15 being secured to and movable with the settings forming one row of retorts and being slidable upon the other settings. l6 designates coverings of the spaces at the front of the bench.

In practice, I preferably employ refract'ory blocks or settings made of practically puresilica, and in the use of this material, it is necessary to provide for the expansion that will occur in bringing the blocks up to the final working temperature. Heretofore, to con'ipensate for the expansion, fillers of various materials, such for example as pasteboard and a lowgrade of fire clay, have been placed between the-blocks. In prac- 'tice, however, these fillers or spacingmeans have not-worked out satisfactorily.

blocks or setting constituting one row of retorts firmly together, making the blocksorisettings constituting the row practically aaunit mass.

The binding material employedis of such. a character, that .it possesses proper cohesive strength, and which upon vitrifying. becomes practically the same as the blocks. This coating material is applied 'to the. adj acent. faces of the blocks or settings, and, in the drawings I} have shown the same designated in black lines 17.

\Vhat I claim is l. Ina retort structure, blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form' a row of retorts, and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together v to form .an adjacent row of retorts, said i 40 blocks or settings'enteringinto the'forma tion of .the'second row of retorts spaced apart from the blocks or settings-forming the first row of retorts.-

2. In a retort structure, blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form a vertical row of'retorts, and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form an adjacent vertical row of retorts, said blocks or settings enteringinto the formation of the second row-.of retorts spaced apart fromthe blocks or settings forming the adjacent roW of retorts.

3. In a retort structure, blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form a 'roW' of retorts and fiues for products of combustion, and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form fiues for the products of combustion and an acent row of retorts, said latter blocks orv settings spacedapart from the first men tioned blocks or settings. i

4. In a retort structure, a plurality of ver-, tical rows of retorts, blocks or settings of appropriate shapes, fitted together to form one row of retorts, and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form an adjacent row ofretorts, said first men tioned blocks or settings being spaced apart a from the second mentioned blocks or settings.

'5. In a gas retort bench structure, a plurality of vertical rows of retorts, fines for products of combustion, blocks orsettings of appropriate shapes fitted together to form onerow of vertical retorts and fiues,'and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fittedtogether to form an adjacent row of retorts and flues, said second blocks or settings spaced apart from the first blocks or settings.

(5. In aretort structure, cross walls composed of blocks or settings of appropriate shapesfitted together and formed to provide a row of superposed retorts, and a second series of blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted together and formed to pro-- 1 vide an adjacent row of superposed retorts,

said second series of blocks or settings spaced apart from the first mentioned blocks or settings.

7 In airetort structure, blocks orsettin'gs of appropriate shapes fitted and bound together to form a row of retorts, and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes fitted and bound together to form an adjacent row of retorts, said blocks or settings entering intothe formation of the second row of retorts spaced apart from the blocks or settings forming the first row of retorts.

8. In a retort structure, blocks or settings of appropriate shapes having their. adjacent faces provided with an adhesivecoating, said blocks or settings fitted and bound to gether to form a row of retorts, and blocks or settings of appropriate shapes having their adj acentfacesprovided with anadhesive coating, said latter blocks fitted and bound together'to form anadjacent row of retorts, said blocks or settings entering into the formation of the'second row of retorts spaced uapartfrom the blocks or settings forming the first row of retorts.-

9. In a structure of the character described, a air of sections each comprising expansible locks or settings fitted together,

the blocks or settings constituting one .sec

tion being spaced apart on predetermined lines. from the blocks forming the adjacent section to provide a space 'therebetween for lateral expansion of the sections as units.

10. In retort structures, a bench of vertical rows of retorts and their settings, said bench having expansion spaces extending vertically and from front Lto rear of the benchon predeterm'inedlines, said spaces being of widths adapted to compensate for the lateral expansion produced in bringing the bench to its working temperature.

11. In retort structures, a bench of vertical rows of retorts and their settings, said bench having expansion spaces extending vertically and from front to rear of the bench on predetermined lines, said spaces being of widths adapted to compensate for the lateral expansion produced in bringing the bench to its Workingtemperature, and

arch structures for supporting the bench of retorts, said arch structures having similar expansion .spaces.

12. In gas retort structures, a bench of vertical rows of retorts comprising assemblages of blocks or settings of appropriate shapes, each assemblage providing a complete vertical row of retorts and their settings, the assemblages combinedly providing fiues forthe circulation of products of combustion, said bench having expansion spaces extending-vertically and from front to rear of the bench on predetermined lines, said spaces being of widths adapted to compensate for the-expansion produced in bringing the bench to its working temperature.

13. In gas retort structures, a bench of vertical rows of retorts comprising assemblages of blocks or settings of appropriate shapes, each assemblage providing a complete vertical row of retorts and their settings, the assemblages combinedly providing lines for the circulation of products of combustion, said bench having expansion spaces extending vertically and from front to rear of the bench on predetermined lines,

said spaces being of widths adapted to compensate for the expansion produced in of the bench on predetermined lines, said spaces being of widths adapted to compensate for the expansion produced in bringing the bench to its working temperature, arch structures for supporting said assemblages,'

opposing ends of such arch structures being spaced for similar expansion purposes.

. 15. In gas generating apparatus, a refractory mass structure forming a plurality of benches and adapted to be subjected to high temperatures, said benches being sub ect to lateral expansion in reaching the desired temperature, and means Within the planes of the structure to accommodate for individual expansion of benches. lengthwise of the structure.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

HENRY A. CARPENTER. Witnesses:

' W. G. DOOLITTLE, F. E. GAITHER. 

